WHO WERE THE FIRST PASSENGERS OF THE HOT AIR BALLOON?

On the 19th September 1783 Pilatre De Rozier, a scientist, launched the first hot air balloon called 'Aerostat Reveillon'. The passengers were a sheep, a duck and a rooster and the balloon stayed in the air for a grand total of 15 minutes before crashing back to the ground.

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A FRUIT THAT BIRDS SHOULD NEVER EAT!

Avocado contains a toxin called persin, a fungicidal toxin present in the avocado. It is generally harmless to humans, but when consumed by birds it is dangerous. Persin is also an oil-soluble compound, structurally similar to a fatty acid. Avocado poisoning can be deadly to birds. Persin is toxic to birds generally! Birds like; (canaries, parakeets, cockatiels and large parrots) and all other Pet Birds should never be fed avocado, as they are extremely susceptible to persin toxicity. 

Signs of persin poisoning in birds includes the following:

• Inability to perch,
• Respiratory distress,
• Fluid accumulation around the bird’s heart and lungs,
• Liver and kidney failure
• And sudden death.

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WHAT WAS INVENTED FIRST CIGARETTE LIGHTERS OR FRICTION MATCHES?

The lighter was invented in the 16th century out of nothing more than a converted flintlock pistol.  Now one can argue that a pistol is no lighter.   But if you look up the definition of “Lighter” in the dictionary, it states; “A mechanical device used in lighting fires, cigarettes, cigars, or pipes.”  So by definition, the converted pistol was indeed the first lighter. But it wasn’t until 1823 a German chemist named Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner is credited with inventing the first lighter.  It was often called the “Dobereiner’s Lamp.”  It worked by a reaction of hydrogen to platinum sponge, which gave off a large amount of heat. In 1826 John Walker from England invented the first actual match.

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WHAT IF THE REPRODUCTION RATE OF RATS GO UNCHEKED?

A pair of brown rats can produce as many as 2,000 descendants in a year if left to breed unchecked. A rat matures sexually at age three to four months. An average rat's life span is two to three years. The count of their offspring produce would be more or less depending on how many females are produced. A female rat typically births six litters a year, consisting of around 12 pups.

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WHO ARE THE FOUR KINGS IN A DECK OF CARDS?

Playing cards arrived in Europe in the late 14th century, and decks differed greatly depending on where they were produced. There were inconsistent numbers of cards and design, although all decks had suits made up of court cards (now usually called face cards) and numbered cards. Eventually, as card-playing in Europe became more widespread, the decks were mass-produced with stencils and always included 52 cards, the same number a deck includes now.

It was the French card-makers in the late 16th century who standardized the suits of spades, hearts, diamonds, and clubs and designated the four kings as David, Alexander, Charlemagne, and Caesar. But this designation ended in the late 18th century and from then on, the kings in decks of cards have represented no specific person, any more than the kings on a chessboard stand for illustrious royals of the past.

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THE TOUGHEST TONGUE TWISTER IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

According to The Guinness Book of World Records, the toughest tongue twister is 'The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick'. However, if researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are to be believed, 'pad kid poured curd pulled cold' is the toughest tongue twister that has ever been devised. 
Researchers say that for some reason when certain words are spoken together quickly, people seem to lose control and more often than not, the one sound seems to replace the other. For example try saying toy boat fast a few times and you will soon start pronouncing the words as 'toy boyt'! Similarly, 'top cop' seems to rapidly turns into 'cop cop!' 

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CAN YOUR PET SUE YOU?

At least in Switzerland they can. There is a law which is a part of a legislative push to grant “social rights” to pets that tend to get lonely. Guinea pigs, for example, are herd animals, so having at least one furry companion to share a cage with should supposedly boost their quality of life.

But it’s unlikely that two guinea pigs will die at the exact same time, pet owners can find themselves in a legally sticky situation when one of their animals passes away. Fortunately, there are now rent-a-guinea pig services in Switzerland that provide partners to live with lonesome guinea pigs for the remainder of their lives.

Some other pets that are forbidden from living in isolation in Switzerland are Goldfish, Parrots and Cats.

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WAS THE PAINTING OF THE MONA LISA DONE WITHOUT EYEBROWS?

A Parisian engineer who has dedicated 3,000 hours to examining Leonardo Da Vinci's famous portrait the Mona Lisa claims to have the answer to the above question. Pascal Cotte says that ultra detailed digital scans of the 16th-century picture allow him to see traces of a left eyebrow long obscured from the naked eye by the efforts of the restorers. His conclusion is that Mona Lisa once had both eyebrows and eyelashes, but that these have been gradually eroded to the point that they are no longer visible.

"If you look closely at Mona Lisa's eye you can clearly see that the cracks around the eye have slightly disappeared, and that may be explained that one day a curator or restorer cleaned the eye, and cleaning the eye removed, probably removed the eyelashes and eyebrow," he said.

Mr Cotte said his study of the painting also revealed that Da Vinci originally painted Mona Lisa with a wider face and a more expressive smile than in the final work.

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DOES HOT WATER TURN INTO ICE FASTER THAN COLD WATER?

The Mpemba effect is the theory that warmer water can freeze faster than colder water. The effect has been noted since ancient times but scientists have struggled to explain why it occurs. Hydrogen bonds bring individual water molecules into close contact, which triggers natural repulsion between the water molecules and causes the bonds between oxygen and hydrogen atoms to stretch as well as store energy.
So as the liquid warms, it makes the water molecules sit further apart from each other as the hydrogen bonds stretch. When the molecules shrink again and give up their energy, this results in it cooling, which the scientists say means that warm water cools faster than cold water and explains the Mpemba effect.

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